Home Tag: "Dentistry" (Page 24)

Tag: Dentistry

Can Lines on Children’s Teeth Help Predict Mental Disorders in Adulthood? - Savanna Dental
15Nov
Mental health conditions continue to cause difficulty and misery to millions of people around the world. It has proven difficult to predict whether or not certain individuals are likely to develop a mental disorder. However, new research suggests that factors relating to oral health may actually be a useful tool in predicting children at risk of mental disorders.

Recent research has found that the thickness of growth marks in deciduous (baby) teeth could potentially help to identify children at risk of mental health conditions.

Mental health disorders are difficult to live with. Treating disorders can be challenging. But the general consensus is that the earlier treatment begins, the better the chances are of successful treatment [1]. As a result, early identification is crucial.

The research argues for the creation of a tool to recognize children that have been exposed to adversity or trauma. These areas are a risk factor for psychological problems. The tool involves analyzing teeth.

Mental Health

Mental health disorders are very common. For instance, in the US, around 1 in 4 adults suffer from a mental disorder in any given year [2]. This shows the sheer level of numbers that mental health services need to treat.

Mental health conditions include Depression, Anxiety and eating disorders. More severe conditions include Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia.

These conditions can be debilitating. One of the main issues behind mental health disorders is that the causes are unknown. Therefore, any study that involves potential causes of mental health disorders can be very valuable.

The onset of mental health conditions appear to be linked to several factors. These include genetics, environmental factors and childhood trauma. However, further research is required to determine this.

Background: Growth Lines

This research involves “growth lines” on teeth. Also known as the striae of Reitzus, these are lines or bands that are present for some people in tooth enamel [3]. They can appear on both adult and baby teeth.

The research compiled is the result of years of work. The research was led by Erin C. Dunn. She works as a Social and Psychiatric Epidemiologist at the Massachusetts General Hospital unit.

Dunn has a special interest in childhood trauma, which is known to be a major risk factor for mental health conditions [4]. She is particularly interested in the timing of adverse events and the subsequent impact they have. For instance, if trauma during a particular time of childhood has a very harmful effect [5].

Explaining the science of growth lines, Dunn has spoken about how “teeth create a permanent record of different kinds of life experiences” [5]. Dunn continued, “this includes exposure to sources of physical stress” [5].

This physical stress affects dental enamel and results in “growth lines” within the teeth. These lines will form based on childhood experiences. The thicker the growth lines are, the more stressful life the child appears to have had [5].

Dunn has developed a hypothesis that proposes the width of one specific variety of growth line, called the neonatal line, could indicate whether or not a child’s mother experienced psychological stress during pregnancy or the early life of the child.

The Research

The research was published in the JAMA Network Open by researchers at the Harvard University-affiliated Massachusetts General Hospital [6].

To test her hypothesis, Dunn led a team that analyzed 70 canine baby teeth from 70 different children from the United Kingdom [6]. Moreover, these teeth had naturally fallen out between the ages of 5 and 7.

The mothers of the 70 children had been issued with a questionnaire during their pregnancy and soon after the birth of their child [6]. They were questioned on four factors that are known to affect child development. These were stressful pre-birth events, a history of psychological problems in the mother, neighborhood quality (for instance, poverty level, crime and safety) and the level of social support [6].

The results of these questionnaires were compiled. A microscope was then used to measure the width of the neonatal line [6]. The size of these lines were then correlated against the answers to the questionnaires to reach conclusions.

The results showed that Dunn’s hypothesis was correct. Mothers that had severe psychiatric problems, and those that experienced even mild psychological symptoms in the later stages of pregnancy were likelier to have children with thicker neonatal lines [6].

Conversely, mothers that received strong social support in the immediate aftermath of pregnancy resulted in thinner neonatal lines [6]. Similarly, children from “safe” neighborhoods had thinner neonatal lines [6].

What this research means

This research suggests that there is a clear link between childhood adversity and thick neonatal lines. Therefore, oral health can be a key indicator of potential psychological problems in the future.

Dunn said that the cause of neonatal lines isn’t entirely known. But she believed it was due to how high levels of the stress hormone cortisol is created when a mother is experiencing psychological symptoms [5]. As a result, this may interfere with the cells that create enamel.

Dunn also proposed that systemic inflammation is another candidate for causing growth lines [5]. It does appear that one consistency is psychological problems, and the impact they have on the lines.

In regards to next steps, Dunn is looking to further her research. Therefore, Dunn is hoping to replicate these findings in a bigger study [5]. Consequently, she has the long-term aim of introducing her hypothesis into a clinical setting [5].

Such an approach would have oral benefits for many, with growth lines becoming less common. Moreover, it could also have mental health benefits. In conclusion, this research serves as a reminder of the importance of looking after children, including their oral health.

What we offer at Savanna Dental

Savanna Dental is a Calgary dental clinic that provides a warm, welcome, and comfortable experience to their patients.

We recommend that our patients attend our Calgary-based dental clinic twice a year for a regular dental check-up. When problems are detected, we have many treatments available. For instance, these include cavity fillings and root canals.

Importantly, we recommend brushing your teeth at least twice a day and flossing regularly. Moreover, eating healthily and trying to avoid sugary foods and drink is helpful.

In addition, all of our services at our Calgary dental clinic Savanna Dental are in line with the Alberta Dental Fee Guide.

We would love you to visit our Calgary dental clinic Savanna Dental! You can find out more about us by visiting our website https://savannadentalclinic.ca.

  • [1] Jurewicz, I. (2015). Mental health in young adults and adolescents – supporting general physicians to provide holistic care. Clinical Medicine. 15 (2): p151-154.
  • [2] Johns Hopkins Medicine. (2021). Mental Health Disorder Statistics. Available: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/mental-health-disorder-statistics. Last accessed: 11th November 2021.
  • [3] Brand, R. W., & Isselheard, S.E. (2018). Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 8th ed. New York: Elsevier Health Sciences.
  • [4] Cuellar, A. (2021). Preventing and Treating Child Mental Health Problems. Policies to Promote Child Health. 25 (1): p111-134.
  • [5] Gower, T. (2021). Baby teeth may be window to child’s risk of mental health disorders. Available: https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2021/11/baby-teeth-may-help-identify-kids-at-risk-for-mental-disorders/. Last accessed: 11th November 2021.
  • [6] Mountain, R. V., Zhu, Y., Pickett, O. R., Lussier, A. A., Goldstein, J. M., Roffman, J. L., Bidlack, F. B., & Dunn, E. C. (2021). Association of Maternal Stress and Social Support During Pregnancy With Growth Marks in Children’s Primary Tooth Enamel. JAMA Network Open. 4 (11): e2129129.
Could Artificial Intelligence Help Us to Predict the Effectiveness of Dental Implants? - Savanna Dental
8Nov
Artificial intelligence is making a big impact on the world, and the world of dentistry is benefiting too. New research has found that it could be possible to accurately predict among people with dental implants who can recover from peri-implantitis, which is a common issue for those with dental implants.

Dental implants are a popular dentistry treatment that involves using a natural-feeling and looking tooth to replace a lost or damaged tooth.

For those who have lost or missing teeth, implants can be a fantastic solution. But despite being intended to last long-term, many implants do not.

One of the main causes of this is peri-implantitis. This is an inflammatory process that results in eventual loss of dental implants. However, it is not always clear who can recover from peri-implantitis.

But now, recent research has yielded an algorithm named FARDEEP. FARDEEP seems to be able to help predict treatment outcomes for peri-implantitis. FARDEEP is an example of artificial intelligence, and could help to make dental implants far more successful.

What Are Dental Implants?

Dental implants are typically used to replace a lost or missing tooth. They are usually needed because of advanced gum disease or extreme tooth decay.

Implants are meant to last for a long time. However, studies have found mixed results. For example, there is a 90-95% success rate over 10 years for dental implants [1].

Implants are practical, offer aesthetic and functional tooth replacements. But, peri-implantitis is a common cause of dental implants not working properly.

A recent study found that a process called “biofouling” could help to prolong the life of implants [2](click here to know more). Now, it appears that artificial intelligence will also help dental implants to be more effective.

What is peri-implantitis?

Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory process that causes the tissue and bone around dental implants to become infected. Peri-implantitis can be very damaging to overall oral health. For instance, progressive bone loss, bleeding, pus and eventual loss of the implant are potential consequences [3].

Consequently, it becomes difficult to then put a new implant in place due to the poor bone quality around the area.

The causes of peri-implantitis aren’t always clear. Patients who smoke or have a history of periodontal disease are at higher risk of developing the condition [4].

Treating peri-implantitis is difficult and unpredictable. Reconstructive therapy is currently the treatment used. However, it is not always successful. Moreover, it is both expensive and time-consuming.

Because of the impact of peri-implantitis, and its poor treatment outcomes, researchers have been searching for ways of better predicting the effectiveness of treatment for each individual patient.

What is FARDEEP?

A team of researchers led by the University of Michigan School of Dentistry have been able to develop a machine-learning algorithm. They believe this can help to predict who will be able to recover from peri-implantitis, and who can’t [5].

FARDEEP is an example of the use of artificial intelligence in dentistry. FARDEEP stands for Fast and Robust Deconvolution of Expression Profiles.

In order to develop the algorithm, the researchers analyzed tissue samples from a group of patients that were receiving reconstructive therapy for peri-implantitis [5]. Furthermore, they then looked at how much harmful bacteria and infection-fighting immune cells were available in each sample [5].

Using this information, the researchers were then able to develop the algorithm. Overall, the researchers found that patients that had a high amount of immune cells were at lower risk of periodontal disease [5]. As a result, this means that they are likelier to have success with treatment.

In the long-term, the researchers are hoping that they will be able to use this algorithm across dentistry to help those with peri-implantitis. As a result, it should mean that dental implants can become longer-lasting, and more effective.

What this means for dental implants

The algorithm has a potential to have a big impact on dentistry. Jeff Wang, a Clinical Assistant Professor at the University of Michigan, spoke about his hopes. He declared that the algorithm could help to “determine the best course of treatment” for peri-implantitis [3].

He said that this would typically involve either going through reconstructive therapy, or replacing an old implant with a new one [3]. Wang said that in the future, it could be possible to predict the risk posed by peri-implantitis before a dental implant is placed [3].

Wang cautioned that human clinical trials will be needed before FARDEEP could be used by clinicians [3]. This will be a long process, but it could have a very positive impact if implemented in the future.

FARDEEP is the latest example of the use of artificial intelligence in dentistry. Data is being used in exciting ways. As seen in this study, scientists are predicting that an artificial intelligence-based care system will result in more informed and accurate/effective decision-making and a higher quality of care [6].

What we offer at Savanna Dental

Savanna Dental is a dental clinic based in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. We provide our patients with a warm welcome, a comfortable experience and advice whenever needed.

We recommend that our patients attend our Calgary-based dental clinic twice a year for a regular dental check-up. When problems are detected, we have many treatments available. For instance, these include cavity fillings and root canals.

Importantly, we recommend brushing your teeth at least twice a day and flossing regularly. Moreover, eating healthily and trying to avoid sugary foods and drink is helpful.

In addition, all of our services at our Calgary dental clinic Savanna Dental are in line with the Alberta Dental Fee Guide.

We would love you to visit our Savanna Dental dental clinic in Calgary! You can find out more about us by visiting our website https://savannadentalclinic.ca.

  • [1] Raikar, S., Talukdar, P., Kumari, S., Kumar Panda, S., Oommen, V. M., & Prasad, A. (2017). Factors Affecting the Survival Rate of Dental Implants: A Retrospective Study. Journal of International Society of Preventive & Community Dentistry. 7 (6), p351-355.
  • [2] Lehnfeld, J., Dukashin, Y., Mark, J., White, G. D., Wu, S., Katzur, V., Muller, R., & Ruhl, S. (2021). Saliva and Serum Protein Adsorption on Chemically Modified Silica Surfaces. Journal of Dental Research. 100 (10): p1047-1054.
  • [3] Bailey, L. (2021). AI helps predict treatment outcomes for patients with diseased dental implants. Available: https://news.umich.edu/ai-helps-predict-treatment-outcomes-for-patients-with-diseased-dental-implants/. Last accessed: 5th November 2021.
  • [4] Roos-Jansaker, A. M. (2007). Long time follow up of implant therapy and treatment of peri-implantitis. Swedish Dental Journal. 188 (1): p7-66.
  • [5] Wang, C. W., Hao, Y., Di Gianfilippo, R., Sugai, J., Li, J., Gong, W., Kornman, K. S., Wang, H. L., Kamada, N., Xie, Y., Giannobile, W. V., & Lei, Y. L. (2021). Machine learning-assisted immune profiling stratifies peri-implantitis patients with unique microbial colonization and clinical outcomes. Theranostics. 11 (14): p6703-6716. Available: https://www.thno.org/v11p6703.htm.
  • [6] Chen, Y-W., Stanley, K., Att, W., & Dent, M. (2020). Quintessence International. 51 (3): p248-257.
Green Shield Grant Aims to Boost Dental Health Across Windsor and Essex County - Savanna Dental
24Oct
Green Shield Canada have provided a $95,000 grant to the Windsor and Essex Council. This grant will enable the Council to start a new oral health and wellness program, mainly aimed at refugees and newcomers to the area. Therefore, they hope to improve the dental health of their residents.

Green Shield Canada have announced that they are providing a $95,000 grant to the Windsor and Essex Council, with the aim of boosting dental health across the county [1].

The award has proven very popular. There is a belief that refugees and other newcomers to Canada have many barriers to overcome at first. Therefore, Green Shield Canada hope that the grant can assist this group of people.

The Council hope to implement a three-year oral health and wellness program. Consequently, they are hoping that this program will aid the oral health and general well-being of hundreds of people.

Background

Green Shield Canada is a not-for-profit organisation that provides a range of services for people across Canada. Oral health is not their only area of expertise; for instance, Green Shield Canada also provides assistance for homelessness, sex trafficking and disaster relief among other areas.

They particularly help the vulnerable. Refugees, who come from war-torn nations, are among the most vulnerable. Green Shield Canada recognize the barriers that they, along with other newcomers, have to overcome in healthcare.

Canada has a large population of refugees. For instance, in 2020 alone, almost 110,000 refugees were granted asylum in Canada [2]. In addition, in the last ten years, over 1million refugees have been welcomed into Canada [2].

The population of Windsor and Essex County is approximately 400,000 people, which represents a sizeable amount. Consequently, many refugees have settled into Windsor and Essex County.

The need for an oral health program

Nidal Shauki is a Nurse Practitioner at Windsor and Essex Council. She said that she hopes that the grant will allow refugees and other newcomers to get “an introduction to a dental clinic” [1].

Shauki remarked that many clients wouldn’t have ever received dental care in the past. For example, research has shown that refugees typically have significantly worse oral health than those in western nations [3]. Overall, their knowledge of the importance of oral health is very limited [4].

As a result, an oral health program can help significantly. Timpy Aulah, a Health and Wellness Coordinator at the Council, mentioned that providing an initial dental experience to newcomers can help them to forge a regular oral routine [1].

Shauki said that the Council will be implementing a three-year oral health and wellness program. The Council aim to educate refugees and other newcomers on the importance of oral health [1]. Shauki said that the Council has yearly goals of reaching over 300 people [1].

The grant from Green Shield Canada is therefore expected to help many people. Consequently, with many having not received oral care in the past, this grant will enable them to receive desperately-needed dental care. This should improve their overall well-being. In addition, it should benefit their quality of life.

Hope for the future

The grant from Green Shield Canada has been warmly received. Mila Lucio, executive vice president of human resources and social impact at Green Shield Canada, said that the grant was part of the organizations’ goal of “making a difference in the community” and contribute to its residents having “healthier lives” [1].

Lisa Kolody, executive director of the Windsor Essex Community Foundation, also commented. She said that the proram will help to tackle oral health in the area, which she described as “under-funded and under-resourced” [1].

The grant to Windsor and Essex Council was part of a $450,000 donation to various organisations throughout the County. In addition, other recipients included organizations aiming to implement mental health programs [1].

What we offer at Savanna Dental

Savanna Dental is a dental clinic based in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. We offer many services, including regular dental check-ups, cavity fillings, and root canals and some cosmetic services. Any dental problem should be addressed early, and can be identified at check-ups. This helps to prevent the problem getting worse. So, when further treatment is needed after a check-up, we provide our patients with a clear treatment plan. The best way of avoiding extra treatment is to have strong oral hygiene. This includes brushing our teeth at least twice a day, flossing regularly, and getting a dental check-up at least twice a year. Avoiding sugary foods and drink and not smoking also helps. Our Calgary-based dental clinic Savanna Dental also follows the Alberta Dental Fee Guide. This means our prices are competitive, transparent and affordable. We would love you to visit us here at Savanna Dental soon! You can see more about us by visiting our website https://savannadentalclinic.ca.

What Impact Does the Wealth of a Child’s Family Have on Their Oral Health? - Savanna Dental
18Oct
The state of our oral health depends on a huge number of factors. While some, like diet and dental hygiene, may seem obvious, there are other areas too. One unexpected area is the wealth of a child’s parents. Now, researchers have looked to reach conclusions about this potential link. They found that having wealthy parents actually results in poorer oral health for children.

The oral health of a child depends on a huge number of areas. For instance, genetics, diet and the environment in which they grow up in.

Now, research has shown that another factor is the wealth of a child’s family. This unexpected factor has been researched comprehensively by Australian researchers, who used global data to carry out their study.

In a somewhat surprising result, the researchers found that children that came from a wealthy background were more likely to have poor oral health [1].

It was found that among the biggest causes of this was easy access to soft drinks, energy drinks and packaged juices [1].

Background

Many factors affect a child’s oral health. The modern-day diet is typically high in sugar, which is an important factor. The link between sugar and dental health is clear. Many studies show a direct link between sugar consumption and the number of decayed, missing or filled teeth [2].

Existing research also shows that the dental habits of parents has a big influence on their children’s oral health [3]. For example, this includes brushing habits and the number of trips to the dentist for check-ups each year [3].

Researchers are always looking for other factors that impact oral health. This can help them to identify potential solutions to problems. A new area that researchers have now considered is the link between a child’s financial background and their oral health.

Research shows that in a 12-month period, just 75% of Canadians visited a dentist, with 23% being put off from visiting a dental clinic due to cost [4]. Therefore, it could be expected that those from poorer backgrounds would have worse dental health.

The Research

Now, researchers from Griffith University in Queensland, Australia have carried out a study into this area. The researchers partnered with the National Dental Research Institute of Singapore.

The research involved a global study of 30 countries [1]. It was a meta-analysis, which involved analysing 54 relevant studies, with over 64,000 participants [1]. Therefore, this study provided a comprehensive overview of children’s oral health around the world.

The aim of the research was to identify a link between socio-economic status and oral health, with their findings published in the Journal of Dentistry [1].

The study found that children whose parents had higher levels of education and wealth, and who had attended private schools had poorer oral health than those whose parents did not [1].

The researchers explained that these results were caused by many factors. Because of easy access to soft drinks, energy drinks and packaged juices, the risks increase [1]. The high sugar content causes this. Once sugar is consumed, it combines with bacteria to create acid. Subsequently, it gradually dissolves enamel. Finally, this leads to cavities that need to be filled.

The study also found that in certain countries, traditional foods and drink were another cause [1]. This included tamarind, hibiscus and citrus teas. The strong acid content caused this.

Yet the study also found that higher-educated adults had a lower risk of developing tooth problems [1]. Therefore, while those who are highly-educated typically have poorer oral health as they grow up, they will then typically have better oral health as an adult.

Consequently, this is an important consideration, and shows that those with strong oral health at a young age cannot get complacent.

What does this study show us?

Because this study had so many participants, the conclusions are very important. We must all consider the impact that our purchases and habits have on dental health.

Dr. Ahmed, the lead researcher, commented on the findings. He said that “fizzy drinks, energy drinks and packaged juices are in many countries available to the affluent” [5].

Such dietary habits can cause “progressive and irreversible wearing down of teeth over time, making them unsightly [and] more sensitive” [5].

Dr. Ahmed recommended that “early screening of individuals at risk” will help to “enhance the cost-effectiveness and success of dental treatments” [5].

These findings back up previous research. In addition, one study concluded that soft drinks were the “crucial link” between good and bad oral health [6].

In conclusion, this study acts as further confirmation of the importance of habit. But it also shows that there are many different factors affecting oral health, including some that we wouldn’t automatically think of. Because of this, having strong oral hygiene is crucial.

What we offer at Savanna Dental

Savanna Dental is a dental clinic based in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. We provide our patients with a warm welcome, a comfortable experience and advice whenever needed.

We recommend that our patients attend our Calgary-based dental clinic twice a year for a regular dental check-up. When problems are detected, we have many treatments available. For instance, these include cavity fillings and root canals.

Importantly, we recommend brushing your teeth at least twice a day and flossing regularly. Moreover, eating healthily and trying to avoid sugary foods and drink is helpful.

In addition, all of our services at our Calgary dental clinic Savanna Dental are in line with the Alberta Dental Fee Guide.

We would love you to visit our Savanna Dental dental clinic in Calgary! You can find out more about us by visiting our website https://savannadentalclinic.ca.

  • [1] Entezami, S., Glazer Peres, K., Li, H., Albarki, Z., Hijazi, M., & Ahmed, K. E. (2021). Tooth wear and socioeconomic status in childhood and adulthood: findings from a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Journal of Dentistry. 103827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103827.
  • [2] Battellino, L. J., Corneho, L. S., Dorronsoro de Cattoni, S. T., Luna Maldonado de Yankilevich, E. R., Calamari, S. E., & Aczura, A. (1997). Oral health status evaluation of pre-school children: longitudinal epidemiologic study. (1993–1994). Revista de Saúde Pública. 31(1), p272-281.
  • [3] Freire de Castilho, A. R., Mialhe, F. L., de Souza Barbosa, T., & Puppin-Rontani, R. M. (2013). Influence of family environment on cjildren’s oral health: a systematic review. Jornal de Pediatria. 89 (2): p116-123.
  • [4] Statistics Canada. (2019). Dental Care, 2018. Available: https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/82-625-x/2019001/article/00010-eng.htm. Last accessed: 24 September 2021.
  • [5] Griffith University. (2021). Children from wealthy backgrounds at greater risk of tooth wear. Available: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2021-10-children-wealthy-backgrounds-greater-tooth.html. Last accessed: 15th October 2021.
  • [6] Kamal, Y., O’Toole, S., & Bernabé, E. (2019). Obesity and tooth wear among American adults: the role of sugar-sweetened acidic drinks. Journal of Clinical Oral Investigations. 24: p1379-1385.

What Are the Most Effective Oral Hygiene Tools? Researchers Put the Tools to the Test! - Savanna Dental
12Oct
A recent study has sought to find out once and for all which oral hygiene tools are the best for our oral health. Mixed information exists currently on which tools are effective. The study was able to categorize each tool as being either positive, negative, or neutral to our oral health.

Looking after our oral health is incredibly important. Strong oral hygiene is the best way of avoiding painful and expensive visits to the dentist.

But many people ask which oral tools and equipment are effective, and which are not. Now, researchers from the University at Buffalo have carried out a study aiming to find this out.

Their findings are very useful. This is because it gives the public knowledge on the best ways to have strong oral hygiene. Therefore, this research helps to maximize our chances of keeping a healthy mouth.

The different tools available

There is no shortage of available tools for oral health. Therefore, it can be difficult to know which tools are the most effective. After all, it would be unrealistic to use them all.

The researchers noted that it was important to complete a study in this area. Oral health is a problematic area for so many people. Poor oral hygiene can cause cavities.

Gum disease is also major problem. Gum disease is very common, with research showing that approximately 90% of the world’s population has some form of gum disease [1].

If cavities and gum disease are left untreated, infections, bleeding gums, tooth loss and bone problems are potential consequences.

Most people use a toothbrush, though both manual and electrical ones exist. Some people floss to remove particles of food caught between teeth.

Then there are mouthwashes, probiotics, and various ingredients that are added to oral health products. All of these areas were analyzed in this study.

The Research

The research was published in October’s issue of The Journal of the International Academy of Periodontology [2]. Researchers from the University at Buffalo carried out the study.

Moreover, the researchers put various oral hygiene tools and ingredients to the test. They used pre-existing research, different scenarios and other research methods to see the impact each intervention had on the mouth.

The results produced three different areas. Firstly, effective tools. Secondly, tools that had a somewhat positive impact, but not enough to justify their daily use. Finally, negative tools.

Effective Tools

• Toothbrush: Unsurprisingly, the gold standard of oral health is the toothbrush. The toothbrush plays a main role in oral hygiene. Both electric and manual toothbrushes were effective, with very little between the two.

• Inter-dental brushes: Inter-dental brushes that are used to floss between teeth were also praised for being highly-effective. Moreover, they are an effective way of removing anything stuck between the teeth.

• Water Pick: Water picks are an excellent way of clearing anything stuck in the teeth. They release water at a rapid rate, helping to clear any blockages. Because of this, they have proven to be popular with consumers.

• Chlorhexidine in mouthwash: Chlorhexidine can be a key ingredient of mouthwash. This study backed up previous research, which found that mouthwashes containing Chlorhexidine can result in a “moderate” reduction in gum disease [3]. However, Chlorhexidine can cause tooth discoloration with prolonged use [3].

• Cetylpyridinium: Cetylpyridinium is a compound that is used across various oral products. For instance, toothpaste, mouthwash and some lozenges. The researchers found it was very effective at reducing gum disease and preventing plaque. However, Cerylpyridinium does cause staining in a small number of users [4].

• Listerine Mouthwash: As one of the world’s most instantly-recognizable brands, it isn’t surprising that Listerine’s mouthwash products that contained essential oils were deemed effective. Furthermore, another study concluded there was “strong evidence” that Listerine was excellent for protecting against plaque and reducing gum disease [5].

Tools that have mixed evidence

While there were many positives outlined above, there were some tools and ingredients that didn’t provide enough evidence to justify their use on a daily basis.

• Scaling: Scaling is when a dentist uses a special tool to remove plaque and tartar (solid plaque) around the gum-line. They also usually do something called root planing, which aids the gums. Because of inconsistent results, the researchers did not consider this tool to be positive.

• Probiotics: The researchers found probiotics produced inconsistent results. Probiotics are live microorganisms that are consumed through a product. For instance, Yakult. Probiotics is a promising area, but it hasn’t been researched enough yet to draw conclusions. The conclusions of the authors echo the existing body of research [6].

• Tea-tree oil, green tea mouthwashes: Tea-tree oil and green tea are ingredients that are being added to many products. Because of their properties as being natural, they are popular. However, the researchers found they provided limited effectiveness.

• Hexetidine: Hexeditine is an antibacterial ingredient that is primarily used in mouthwash products. Oraldene is the most well-known brand including hexetidine. However, when the researchers tested it, the results weren’t too positive.

The Negative

The researchers only found that one key ingredient produced negative results. This was Triclosan.

Triclosan is very effective for reducing plaque and gum disease. However, Triclosan has been linked to reproductive defects and some forms of cancer.

Consequently, Triclosan has been removed from the majority of toothpastes. The findings of the authors backup existing research [7].

What does this study show us?

This study shows the importance of strong hygiene. It shows that we can keep things simple by using a few different products. Therefore, there is no need to make things too complex.

All of the areas deemed effective should be used regularly. For instance, mouthwash products with the aforementioned ingredients can be used as an adjunct to using a toothbrush and inter-dental brush.

As a result, Eva Volman, an author of the study, said she hoped the evidence from the study was “comprehensive, readable and uniquely helpful to all oral health professionals, as well as patients” [8].

What we offer at Savanna Dental

Savanna Dental is a dental clinic based in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. We provide our patients with a warm welcome, a comfortable experience and advice whenever needed.

We recommend that our patients attend our Calgary-based dental clinic twice a year for a regular dental check-up. When problems are detected, we have many treatments. For instance, these include cavity fillings and root canals.

Above all, we recommend brushing your teeth at least twice a day and flossing regularly. Moreover, eating healthily and trying to avoid sugary foods and drink is helpful.

In addition, all of our services at our Calgary dental clinic Savanna Dental are in line with the Alberta Dental Fee Guide.

We would love you to visit our dental clinic in Calgary Savanna Dental! You can read more about us by visiting our website https://savannadentalclinic.ca.

  • [1] Pihlstrom, B. L., Michalowicz, B. S., & Johnson, N. W. (2005). Periodontal diseases. Lancet. 366 (9499), p1809-1820.
  • [2] Volman, E. I., Stellrecht, E., & Scannapieco, F. A. (2021). Proven Primary Prevention Strategies for Plaque-Induced Periodontal Disease – An Umbrella Review. Journal of the International Academy of Periodontology. 23 (4).
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Singh Continues Ndp’s Pledge to Subsidize Dental Costs, but Will It Work?
27Sep
The NDP’s leader Jagmeet Singh has said that his party will continue their pledge towards subsidizing dental costs for those without insurance. This long-running idea continues to enjoy support, though it has also caused many questions, mainly around the source of the money needed for such a program.

Ahead of the 2021 Canadian Federal Election, NDP Leader Jagmeet Singh stated that his party would implement a federal program aimed at lowering dental costs.

The federal program would be based around subsidizing dentistry costs for Canadian citizens without insurance. This is an important issue, as a sizeable number of Canadians do not have insurance.

Singh referred to oral health a one of Canada’s “biggest divides” because of how those with limited income were being “left high and dry” in the current situation [1]. Having a healthy income is something that obviously isn’t applicable to everyone.

The NDP and Dental Care

The NDP have gradually grown in popularity in recent years. Dental care reform has been a consistent area that they have focused on.

They made a pledge ahead of the 2019 election which involved providing free dental care to low-income individuals [2]. This plan was then developed and altered ready for the 2021 election.

The 2021 plan formed part of the NDP’s election pledge. Singh said that anyone that received under $90,000 per year would benefit from his plan.

Those earning between $60,000 and $90,000 per year would have part of their dental expenses covered. Moreover, those that earn below $60,000 would be fully covered in the plan [1].

As part of their calculations, the NDP estimated that 6.5million Canadians would benefit from their program. As a result of the plan, the average family would save $1,200 in dental fees each year [1].

Could the NDP’s plan work?

The NDP’s idea has already had its validity studied. A 2020 report by the Parliamentary Budget Office estimated an upfront cost of $3billion for the Government [3]. Furthermore, this would be followed with a $1.5billion cost per year [3].

Some have asked where the money needed for this program would come from. Singh has said that the NDP would fund the program by introducing a 1% tax on households with wealth of over $10million.

The NDP’s plan would address long-term problems in the dental industry of Canada. Research shows that in a 12-month period, just 75% of Canadians visited a dentist, with 23% being put off from visiting a dental clinic due to cost [4].

However, Singh’s plan hasn’t been popular with fellow parties. In June, a motion put forward by the NDP relating to dental costs was voted down in the House of Commons [5]. Similar results may also follow.

Will the NDP keep this policy for the future?

It is likely that the NDP will continue this policy in upcoming elections because of its popularity among voters, many of whom would benefit from this program.

The 2021 election policy included slight modifications on the 2019 policy. Moreover, we can expect another slight alteration by the time of the next federal election, scheduled for October 2025 at the latest.

The NDP have been enjoying an uplift in support over recent years, and will hope that by the next election, that they will be able to challenge for more seats. Dental care is likely to continue to be an important part in the NDP’s overall policies.

What we offer at Savanna Dental

Savanna Dental is a dental clinic based in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. We offer our patients a warm welcome, a comfortable experience and advice whenever needed.

We always recommend that our patients visit our Calgary-based dental clinic twice a year for an important regular dental check-up. If any problems are detected, we have many treatments, for instance cavity fillings and root canals, that can effectively restore oral health.

Above all, we recommend brushing our teeth at least twice a day and flossing regularly. Moreover, eating healthily and trying to avoid sugary foods and drink is helpful.

In addition, all of our services at our Calgary dental clinic Savanna Dental are in line with the Alberta Dental Fee Guide.

We would love you to visit our dental clinic in Calgary Savanna Dental! You can read more about us by visiting our website https://savannadental.ca.