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Category: Oral Health

Pride Month: How Does Savanna Dental Support LGBTQ+ Patients? - Savanna Dental
22Jun
Those who identify as LGBTQ+ face many challenges, including in the dental industry. With June being International Pride Month, here at Savanna Dental, we would like to affirm our support for the LGBTQ+ community – with the aim of providing a highly-inclusive and welcoming dental clinic for all of our patients.

With June being Pride Month, it is an opportunity for companies across all industries to review the current status of LGBTQ+ rights, and to see what improvements can be made to increase inclusivity.

This is especially important in the dental industry, as oral health is crucial for everyone. Unfortunately, not every place of business is respectful of those who identify as LGBTQ+. But with the dental industry being essential to overall health, it is important for dentists to be allies to LGBTQ+ interests.

Here at Savanna Dental, we place great emphasis on inclusivity, and encourage patients of all genders, race and religion to visit our Calgary-based dental practice.

There are challenges facing those who identify as LGBTQ+ in the dental industry, which forms part of the wider societal stigma towards the LGBTQ+ community [1].

LGBTQ+ in dentistry

Despite societal improvements, a stigma against the LGBTQ+ community remains. Stonewall – the organisation that supports LGBTQ+ rights – found that 1 in 7 LGBTQ+ people avoid seeking healthcare due to fear of discrimination by healthcare workers [2].

LGBTQ+ people are highly likely to have mental health problems that can affect dental health [3]. For instance, those with depression may overeat sugary and unhealthy foods, or those with an eating disorder may damage their teeth by regular vomiting while “purging” following a “binge”.

Moreover, statistics show that those in the LGBTQ+ community are also more likely to smoke than heterosexuals [4], which increases their chances of developing oral problems such as oral cancer or periodontal disease.

ADA’s Virtual Forum for LGBTQ+ access to dentistry

An important date for the dental industry is June 23rd – with the forum “Amplifying Voices: An Open Forum on LGBTQ+ Community and the Dental Profession” taking place.

The event has been organised by the American Dental Association (ADA), and is scheduled for June 23rd at 7:00pm Central. This virtual event will take place over Zoom, and can be accessed by clicking on this link.

This forum will involve a panel of senior dentists and dental professionals who identify as LGBTQ+. The event will examine the current relationship between the LGBTQ+ community and the dental industry. Attendees will be educated on methods of bolstering the dental profession’s relationship with the LGBTQ+ community [5].

The ADA have organised this forum in conjunction with Houston Equality Dental Network, which is an organisation that aims to raise awareness to the challenges facing the LGBTQ+ community in dentistry [6].

One of the founders of the Houston Equality Dental Network is Dr. Alex Barrera, who will be among the panellists at the event. He has stated “as health care and dentistry continue to make progress, the only way we can have true equality is through the allyship of all of our colleagues and those in leadership positions [6].”

Barrera went on to correctly say that “it is only with continued awareness, education and celebration that we can come together to ensure that the world is a safer and happier place for all.”

The measures we take at Savanna Dental to support LGBTQ+

Here at Savanna Dental, we put significant effort into ensuring that we adopt an LGBTQ+-friendly approach. We make sure that we are respectful of all of our patients, and use appropriate language when interacting with the LGBTQ+ community.

We know that our patients expect a strong relationship with our staff, and expect to be treated courteously. As part of our duty of care to our patients, we treat everyone without any form of discrimination.

We hope to form long-term rapports between staff and patient, with research showing that trust, open communication and patient involvement all crucial elements of achieving this [7]. Therefore, we aim to implement these key areas with our patients.

What we offer our patients at Savanna Dental

Whatever your sexual orientation, gender, race, age or religion, here at Savanna Dental, we will be happy to help. We are an inclusive dental practice, and welcome everyone to our clinic.

We are based in a convenient area of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Our dental clinic offers a vast range of services – from regular check-ups, to cavity fillings, and more complex procedures such as root canals or dentures. We also offer some cosmetic dental services too.

We always advise our patients to attend regular check-ups (at least two a year), while maintaining strong oral hygiene. This includes brushing your teeth at least twice a day, flossing regularly and avoiding sugary foods and drink where possible. These measures help to protect our teeth and gums.

When treatment is required, we provide each patient with a treatment plan that suits their individual needs and circumstances. We also adhere to the Alberta Dental Fee Guide, which allows us to provide affordable care to our patients.

Summary

There remains room for improvement for the dental industry in terms of strengthening the relationship between dentists and the LGBTQ+ community. Here at Savanna Dental, we aim to champion LGBTQ+ rights.

We hope you will visit our Calgary dental clinic Savanna Dental! We provide a courteous and comfortable patient experience, and always welcome new patients. Click here to visit our website https://savannadental.ca, where you can see the different services that we offer at our dental clinic.

Have Scientists Really Created Candy that Can Repair and Whiten Your Teeth? - Savanna Dental
15Jun
Scientists from the University of Washington have developed a lozenge that supposedly has the potential to repair our tooth enamel and even whiten teeth over time. Clinical trials are due to be launched soon, in a development that could improve oral health enormously.

The majority of us will admit to having a sweet tooth. Chocolate, candy, fizzy drinks – they taste good; but their high sugar content comes at a cost – with significant harm being done to our teeth whenever they are consumed.

But in an exciting development, scientists from the University of Washington have potentially found that a specially-designed lozenge – similar to a mint – could actually regrow our enamel.

In the past, the focus has always been on preserving enamel, rather than restoring it. Scientists and researchers have spent decades trying to find a way of restoring enamel [1], which would have a huge benefit on the world’s oral health.

Enamel is the hard surface of a tooth that gradually wears down over time when exposed to sugary foods and drinks and harmful bacteria. When it wears down, it exposes dentine – which is yellow in colour.

The University of Washington’s Research

Scientists from the University of Washington recently provided a press release which provided key information on their plans and their discovery [2]. This work has been going on for several months.

The scientists have said that they have developed an experimental lozenge that has the potential to regrow teeth enamel, strengthen our teeth and even whiten them at the same time!

So how does it work? The lozenges are coated with a genetically-engineered peptide. In easier to understand language, this is essentially a mint coated with a specially-designed protein building block.

The idea is that these building blocks will bind to the user’s teeth, which will involve a tiny layer of fresh enamel being added to the teeth. Over time, this will allow tooth enamel to regrow.

The peptide used comes from something called amelogenin, which is an important protein in teeth enamel. Phosphorus and calcium ions are also ingredients within the lozenge.

Researchers have suggested that two lozenges a day can rebuild enamel, while one per day can enable a healthy layer of enamel to be maintained. The researchers have suggested the lozenge will be suitable for both adults and adolescents.

Tooth whitening benefits

One of the most exciting parts of this news is that these lozenges would help to whiten our teeth. We all aspire to have pearly white teeth, though this is something that in the modern age is hard to maintain naturally.

Many people resort to purchasing teeth whitening strips in an effort to whiten their teeth. While this can work effectively, in some cases these whitening strips can actually do more harm than good [3].

One of the most important things when considering cosmetic dental work is to use a reputable provider that meets all relevant safety regulations. There is significant hope in the future that these lozenges will be able to whiten teeth.

But in the meantime, here at Savanna Dental, we offer a range of cosmetic dentistry treatments, including professional teeth whitening! Whitened teeth can be achieved in just one visit, providing effective results.

Dental veneers and dental bonding are two other options that can improve the appearance of our teeth. These are other cosmetic treatments that we provide at our Calgary-based dental clinic Savanna Dental.

Will the lozenges work?

Currently, it is too early to state whether or not these lozenges will be effective. While this is certainly an exciting development, this is far from the first time a “miracle solution” in dentistry has been promoted [4].

The next step is for clinical trials to be held. They will be launched soon as a way of testing out the lozenges in a real-life situation. This will take time, but hopefully the results will be positive.

Researchers have tested the lozenge with success on extracted human teeth and live rats and mice.

While the lozenges are the current focus of scientists – the long-term plan is to create a toothpaste for over-the-counter use, and potentially a gel. But there is no clear timetable on this.

The potential of this development is enormous, with poor oral health resulting in gum disease, tooth decay and bad breath. Poor oral health continues to be a big problem around the world, with research showing that approximately 90% of the world’s population has some form of periodontal disease [5].

What should we do for our oral health?

The most important thing we can do for our dental health is to attend regular check-ups. The earlier that problems are detected, the higher chance of treatment not becoming too complex.

When left untreated, what can start as a cavity that requires a standard filling can turn into a more complicated problem, which may require a more complex procedure like a root canal.

It is therefore important to adopt strong oral health, which involves brushing our teeth at least twice a day, flossing regularly and making healthy decisions in our personal lives such as avoiding smoking and limiting alcohol intake.

Our diet is also important. We recently discussed on our blog about the link between a deficiency in Vitamin C and gum disease(click here to read more)– which highlights the importance of a nutritious and balanced diet.

What we offer at Savanna Dental

We have a dental clinic in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Here at Savanna Dental, we provide our patients with a comfortable and caring environment. We recommend that our patients attend check-ups approximately once every six months.

We provide a range of services for when treatment is required after a regular check-up. In each case, we provide personalised advice to each patient, and ensure we provide them with treatment that fits their individual circumstances.

Here at Savanna Dental, we adhere to the Alberta Dental Fee Guide, which allows us to provide affordable care to our patients across our wide range of services.

Summary

Dentistry continues to made great strides in research, and this latest development certainly has the potential to dramatically improve oral health for people all over the world.

But it is important to remember that having strong oral hygiene is the best course of action to take, regardless of any future developments.

We recommend that you take a look at our website https://savannadentalclinic.ca where you can find out more information about us and the services we offer at our Calgary dental clinic.

the NDP's Pledge for Dental Care in Canada - Savanna Dental
8Jun
Dental care in Canada continues to be a topic of debate. In a recent development, the NDP has filed a motion aimed at improving access to dental care for those who are unable to afford dental care. There is a strong need for an improvement in access for dental care across Canada.

Dental care in Canada is a rather controversial subject and is often a talking point during political party addresses.

Now, Canada’s fourth biggest political party – the New Democratic Party (NDP) – is making an effort to improve access to dental care among Canada’s low-income citizens.

Canada’s public healthcare system has neglected dental care for several years, though recent developments suggest that this might soon change.

The statistics in Canada are alarming – with the cost of dental care providing a significant barrier to the wider population accessing the treatment that they badly need.

The NDP’s Vision

The NDP’s leader Jagmeet Singh has consistently voiced his support for an improvement in access to dental care.

In 2019, Singh said “no one should have to deal with the pain or lifelong damage of going without dental care”. He went on to state “millions of Canadians don’t have any dental coverage at all” [1].

Singh remains vocal in his support for further access to dental care. Just last week, the NDP MP Jack Harris put forward a motion in the House of Commons, which asked the Federal Government to create a dental care plan for uninsured Canadian families with a household income of less than $90,000 [2].

The motion was seconded by MP Don Davies. However, with the NDP being Canada’s fourth-largest party, there will be difficulty in implementing this plan, though these steps may be part of a long-term change.

This plan would involve a fund being distributed across the Canadian provinces. The provinces would then need to arrange coverage for families with a low-income, and arrange reimbursements with dentists.

The NDP have suggested that a sliding scale could be used, with either full or partial dental costs being covered – the exact amount of which would depend on household income.

The NDP have pointed out that this amounts to 4.3million Canadians – a colossal amount. Despite the costs involved in this plan, the NDP have justified their proposal by highlighting that emergency room-based dental emergencies cost taxpayers at least $155million annually [3].

Research has long-shown that an income-related inequality exists in Canada in relation to receiving dental care [4].

The Worrying Statistics

There are several alarming statistics that suggest there is a strong need for change. One study found that 16.5% of the Canadian population have declined recommended dental treatment on the basis of cost [5].

Recent statistics suggest that many Canadians are badly in need of help that they can’t afford. A study showed that in a 12-month period, just 75% of Canadians visited a dentist, with 23% of Canadians being put off from visiting the dentist due to the cost involved [6].

Moreover, the Covid-19 pandemic has led to dental care being largely disregarded, which has created “a dental disaster”, according to the President of the FDI World Dental Federation [7].

Poor oral hygiene (including avoiding regular dental check-ups) can cause gum disease, tooth decay and bad breath. Eventually, treatment will be required.

Poor oral health is also linked to physical health problems, and can also cause mental distress – both of which add further strain to Canada’s healthcare system.

The NDP have suggested that the most marginalized people – “indigenous people, children, single parent families, young workers, women and low-income Canadians” – are those that are worst affected by the current format [2].

These statistics appear to back up the arguments put forward by the NDP, and shows the need for lower dental costs in Canada.

Savanna’s commitment to cost

Our dental clinic Savanna Dental is located in Calgary, Alberta. We are based in a convenient area of Calgary, and care deeply about our patients.

Looking on a more localised level, research in 2012 found that over 90% of Calgary residents have decayed, missing or filled teeth – which shows the importance of regular visits to the dentist [8].

With Calgary’s population largely needing oral health improvements, and concerns existing over costs – it is useful for the population to be aware that our Calgary-based dental clinic Savanna Dental adheres to the Alberta Dental Fee Guide, which allows us to provide affordable care to our patients across our wide range of services.

For those with concerns regarding the cost of dental care, the Alberta Dental Fee Guide provides accurate information on the nature of costs, and what is involved in each treatment type.

What we offer at Savanna Dental

Here at Savanna Dental, we offer a range of services. It is important to remember that with good oral hygiene, a nutritious diet and avoiding certain foods and drinks, most dental problems are preventable.

But when problems do arise, it is important for them to be treated as soon as possible. We cannot understate the importance of early detection. If left untreated, what might start out as a small filling may morph into a problem that requires a more complex procedure like a root canal.

Therefore, attending regular dental check-ups (at least twice a year) is very important. Brushing your teeth at least twice a day, flossing regularly and avoiding sugary snacks are all important measures to protect our oral health.

When treatment is required, we provide a personalised treatment plan for each patient, and ensure that they receive a high standard of care at all times.

Summary

While it is unknown if the NDP’s motion will secure much support, there does appear to be a growing realisation that the current dental care system in Canada is potentially unsustainable in the long-term.

But for now, it is crucial to maintain strong oral health. We would love you to visit our Calgary dental clinic Savanna Dental! We are always happy to welcome new patients, and look forward to providing them with a courteous and comfortable experience. Click here to visit our website https://savannadentalclinic.ca, where you can see the range of services we provide.

Does Exercise Improve Dental Health - Savanna Dental
25May
Exercise is known to have a positive effect on our physical and mental health. But exercise can also be great for our oral health, with evidence finding that regular exercise can result in a range of benefits for our mouths, including lowering the risk of gum disease.

Everyone knows about the importance of exercise, and the positive impact it can have on both the body and the mind. But something that not many people know about is the connection between exercise and our dental health – you’ll be amazed at how regular exercise can have a positive effect on our mouths!

Exercise can have a huge range of benefits for our oral health, including lowering the risk of gum disease, increasing saliva flow and cutting out bad habits that can cause problems to the mouth. However, there are areas associated with exercise which we need to be wary of, as we will discuss.

Gum disease

One of the biggest benefits of exercise is its relationship to lowering the risk of gum disease (also known as periodontitis). A study in 2005 analysed the relationship between gum disease and physical activity.

The researchers found the study participants that engaged in regular exercise were about 54% less likely to develop gum disease than those who didn’t spend time exercising [1].

Regular exercise has also been shown to reduce inflammation throughout the body – which is one of the leading causes of gum disease [2]. Increased exercising can result in an increase in the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines.

Effect of weight

Regular exercise is able to lower our BMI score, which has subsequent benefits for our oral health. A lower BMI will typically result in us eating and drinking less sugary foods or drinks, which protects our teeth and gums from harmful acids.

One study analysed the link between weight and dental health, using BMI, body fat percentage and oxygen consumption to assess how “healthy” each study participant was.

The researchers found that those who maintained normal weight and engaged in the recommended amount of exercise (as set by the researchers) were 40% less likely to have gum disease than those who didn’t exercise [3].

Increased saliva

Exercise also has the impact of increasing the production of saliva. This helps to combat the issue of a dry mouth, which is a state that bacteria flourishes in, resulting in a build-up of plaque and tooth decay. A dry mouth is a very common problem, but exercise can be a simple way of treating this.

Stress relief

When we are stressed, it is common to resort to habits that are harmful to our oral health, such as smoking or teeth grinding. Smoking can be terrible for our mouths and can increase the risk of oral cancer [4]. Teeth grinding can wear down teeth and leave them damaged.

But exercise is known to be a great way of reducing stress. Whenever we exercise, the body releases endorphins, which can give us a feeling of euphoria. By exercising, we are less likely to partake in habits that are harmful for our mouths.

A word of warning

While there are clearly benefits for our mouths, there is also a note of caution that we must talk about – energy drinks. Many people will reach for a sport or energy drink following a workout or run.

But these drinks can undo any good work, as they are high in sugar, which can have a damaging impact on our teeth. One study found that the average level of acid in a sample of sports drinks causes damage to teeth after just 5 consecutive days of consumption [5]. Water is a much better alternative.

So should I exercise more?

We would definitely recommend exercising more – albeit not to a level that harms you. The benefits to our oral health are clear, it will also have the effect of improving your physical health too. But exercise alone isn’t enough, we need to have a nutritious diet, brush our teeth at least twice a day, floss regularly and avoid sugary snacks and drinks wherever possible.

Finally, visiting the dentist on a regular basis for check-ups is important. Any problems will be identified and can be treated; early treatment can stave off the threat of more complex procedures further down the line.

What we offer at Savanna Dental

Our Calgary-based dental clinic Savanna Dental is always happy to welcome new patients. We offer a large range of services, from regular fillings, to more complex procedures such as root canals and dentures.

We provide a comfortable environment for our patients, and are based in a convenient location in Calgary. We encourage patients to visit us twice a year for check-ups. If further treatment is needed, we will provide you with a tailored and effective treatment plan.

Summary

As we have shown in this article, exercise can have a positive effect on our oral health. Combining exercise with regular check-ups and strong oral hygiene can be excellent for our dental health.

We would love you to come and visit our Calgary dental clinic Savanna Dental, click here to visit our website https://savannadentalclinic.ca, where you can take a look at the services that are available to our patients. We hope to see you soon!

  • [1] British Dental Journal. (2005). Exercise benefits dental health. Journal of Dentistry. 199, p629.
  • [2] Omori, S., Uchida, F., Oh, S., So, R., Tsujimoto, T., Yanagawa, T., Sakai, S., Shoda, J., Tanaka, K., & Bukawa, H. (2018). Exercise habituation is effective for improvement of periodontal disease status: a prospective intervention study. Therapeutics and clinical risk management. 14, p565–574. https://doi.org/10.2147/TCRM.S153397
  • [3] Al-Zahrani, M. S., Borawski, E. A., Bissada, N. F. (2005). Periodontitis and three health-enhancing behaviors: maintaining normal weight, engaging in recommended level of exercise, and consuming a high-quality diet. Journal of Periodontology.
  • [4] Schildt, E-B., Eriksson, M., Hardell, L., & Magnuson, A. (1998). Oral snuff, smoking habits and alcohol consumption in relation to oral cancer in a Swedish case-control study. International Journal of Cancer. 77 (3), p341-346.
  • [5] Jain, P., Hall-May, E., Golabek, K., & Zenia Agustin, M. (2012). A comparison of sports and energy drinks – Physiochemical properties and enamel dissolution. General Dentistry. 60 (3), p198-199.
Is a Plant-Based Diet Good for Your Oral Health - Savanna Dental Clinic
18May
A plant-based diet has the potential to have a positive effect on our oral health, with benefits including lessening inflammation of the gums, lowering sugar intake and possibly preventing oral cancer. But the evidence isn’t all positive, and a plant-based diet doesn’t act as a replacement for strong oral hygiene.

The link between a nutritious diet and strong oral health is well-known, but how does a plant-based diet effect our dental health? With plant-based diets becoming increasingly popular in recent years, it is important to consider this diet’s impact on oral health.

While a plant-based diet can take many forms, it will typically consist of foods derived from plants – such as vegetables, fruits, nuts and beans. Across Canada, many people are choosing to adopt plant-based diets, underlining their popularity.

Plant-based diets are known to have many physical health benefits, such as stimulating weight loss, lowering cholesterol levels and decreasing the chances of cardiovascular disease [1].

But as well as physical health benefits, plant-based diets can have a positive effect on dental health, as we show in this article. However, there are some important considerations to be made.

Plant-based diet’s effect on oral health

Oral health continues to be very problematic for many people, with the World Health Organization going as far to say that untreated dental caries is the most common health condition worldwide [2].

The effect of a plant-based diet on oral health is a very-well studied area, with results largely pointing to plant-based diets having a positive effect on oral health, albeit with some caveats.

Mouth cancer presents one of the most serious issues in oral health (click here to read more). Figures from the Canadian Cancer Statistics found that in 2020, an estimated 5,400 Canadians were diagnosed with oral cancer, with the condition causing 1,500 deaths [3]. The American Dental Association have stated that “current evidence supports a diet high in fruits, vegetables and plant-based foods for prevention of oral cancer [4], which shows how a plant-based diet is considered to contribute to preventing oral cancer.

One of the biggest problems facing the population in the modern day is periodontal disease – better known as gum disease. Signs of gum disease include swelling (also known as inflammation) and redness around the gum.

A plant-based diet can lessen inflammation, as it is normally high in a form of acid known as gamma-linoleic acid, which is well-known for its anti-inflammatory properties [5].

Furthermore, one study found that participants with a vegetable-based diet (similar to a plant-based diet) had significantly fewer symptoms of gum disease than study participants that had more of a more conventional and traditional diet [6].

As well as having anti-inflammation qualities, plant-based diets also typically cut out a lot of sugar – something that is a key cause of many oral health problems. Sugar has a debilitating impact on teeth, and is one of the leading drivers of tooth decay and eventual cavities.

Foods and beverages that contain refined sugars (essentially the unhealthiest type of sugar) are notoriously bad for our teeth. Foods and drinks high in refined sugars include ice cream, confectionery and soda. They are known to increase inflammation and acidity in the mouth.

Again, by using a plant-based diet, refined sugars are largely avoided. While sugar will still be consumed, such as in fruits, these are at least naturally occurring sugars which are less harmful to the mouth.

A word on citrus fruits

While there are clearly positives, as outlined above, it is important to mention the negative impact that citrus fruits can have. Studies show that citrus fruits such as lemons, limes and oranges can erode tooth enamel faster than sources of refined sugars.

One large study found that by consuming citrus fruits more than twice a day was associated with 37 times greater odds of dental erosion when compared to those who didn’t. For comparison, those that had a daily can of soda had 4 times greater odds of dental erosion than those who avoided soda [7].

This study suggests that it is important to consume citrus fruits in moderation, and serves as a reminder that just because a food is seen as “healthy”, it doesn’t mean that it is totally free from harm.

Should I start having a plant-based diet?

The most important thing for our health (both oral and physical) is to have a well-balanced and nutritious diet. This doesn’t mean that you must have a plant-based diet!

While this diet does clearly have a positive effect on our oral health, it is too restrictive for some people.

But what we can all do as a minimum is to add more vegetables to our meals and continue good oral habits. This incudes brushing our teeth at least twice a day, flossing regularly, avoiding sugary snacks where possible, and visiting the dentist on a regular basis for check-ups.

What we can offer at Savanna Dental

Our Calgary-based dental clinic Savanna Dental offers our patients a huge range of services. We provide all of our patients with a comfortable environment, and are situated in a convenient location in Calgary.

Early detection of dental problems is crucial, which is why it is important to attend regular dental check-ups. If further treatment is required, we will provide you with a tailored and effective treatment plan that meets your circumstances.

Summary

As we have shown, plant-based diets do have the potential to be excellent for our oral health. But regardless of the diet chosen, there is no replacement for regular dental check-ups and strong oral hygiene.

We would love you to visit our Calgary dental clinic Savanna Dental, click here to visit our website https://savannadentalclinic.ca where you can take a look at the services that are available to our patients.

  • [1] Mazur, M., Bietolini, S., Bellardini, D., Lussi, A., Corridore, D., Maruotti, A., Ottolenghi, L., Vozza, I., & Guerra, F. (2020). Oral health in a cohort of individuals on a plant-based diet: a pilot study. La Clinica Terapeutica. 171 (2), p142-148.
  • [2] United Nations General Assembly. (2011). High Level Meeting on Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases. Available: https://www.un.org/en/ga/ncdmeeting2011/. Last accessed: 14th May 2021.
  • [3] Canadian Cancer Society. (2020). Oral Cavity Cancer Statistics. Available: https://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/oral/statistics/?region=on. Last accessed: 9th April 2021.
  • [4] Chainani-Wu, N., Epstein, J., & Touger-Decker, R. (2011). Diet and prevention of oral cancer: strategies for clinical practice. Journal of the American Dental Association. 142 (2), p166-169.
  • [5] Rett, B. S., & Whelan, J. (2011). Increasing dietary linoleic acid does not increase tissue arachidonic acid content in adults consuming Western-type diets: a systematic review. Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism. 10 (8), p36.
  • [6] Staufenbiel, I., Weinspach, K., Forster, G., Geurtsen, W., & Gunay, H. (2013). Periodontal conditions in vegetarians: a clinical study. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 67 (8), p836-840.
  • [7] Järvinen, V. K., Rytömaa, I. I., & Heinonen, O. P. (1991). Risk factors in dental erosion. Journal of Dental Research. 70 (6), p942-947.