Category: Dentistry

In a 2021 plebiscite, the city of Calgary voted to approve Water Fluoridation across the city. However, almost two years later, there has been little progress made. Now, a new memo suggests further delays are ahead, with the expected cost also increasing hugely. Given the oral health benefits of water fluoridation, the hope is that construction will commence soon.

A recent memo from Calgary city administrators has revealed that the cost for Calgary to reinstate water fluoridation will actually be significantly higher than expected. Moreover, the process is also going to take longer than originally planned [1].

The news has resulted in disappointment for many. Furthermore, it may result in the oral health of Calgarians suffering due to the delay.

What is water fluoridation?

Water fluoridation refers to the process where small quantities of the natural mineral fluoride is added to the public water supply. Many countries adopt this practice.

The main benefit of water fluoridation is to oral health, with research consistently showing that water fluoridation is positive for oral health – especially for children [2].

While many support water fluoridation, it isn’t popular universally. Many countries – whether it be for health or ethical concerns – have banned water fluoridation.

Water fluoridation in Calgary

Water fluoridation is a contentious topic in Calgary. In fact, there have been numerous votes and plebiscites for Calgarians to decide whether or not to introduce fluoride to the public water supply – making a vote on the topic somewhat of a time-honored tradition in the city.

In October 2021, a plebiscite on re-introducing fluoridation to the municipal water supply was held. The “yes” vote won, with a 62% majority in support of fluoride being reintroduced to the public water supply [3].

With this vote, the city of Calgary began the process of implementing water fluoridation, with the aim of its introduction to be in June 2024. However, progress has stalled.

The latest updates

A recent memo from the city administration has shown that the upfront cost of fluoridation has risen from $10.1million to $28.1million – representing a colossal increase [1].

The memo explains that the new cost comes after the project has been fully-designed. This includes a construction of a new building located at Bearspaw Aayer Treatment Plant – which had originally not been part of the plan [1].

Furthermore, increases in material costs, maintenance costs and inflation have all been taken into account. Therefore, these various elements have resulted in the cost increasing.

Moreover, the memo also suggests that the expected time of completion has also been delayed. The current proposed completion date is September 2024 – which is three months after the original completion date [1].

These developments are rather disappointing for those that voted in favor of water fluoridation. While delays in a project of this magnitude are common, the enormous rise in cost is concerning.

Is more urgency needed?

Many have suggested that the city’s council needs to act more urgently. Juliet Guichon is the president of Calgarians for Kids’ Health [1]. She has pointed out that a lack of fluoride in the public water supply impacts the oral health of everyone – with children from poorer backgrounds affected the most [1].

Guichon has said that when children have good oral health, “they don’t have trouble sleeping, eating, playing, concentrating, [and] attending school” [1]. Therefore, she has pointed out that water fluoridation is crucial for both oral and physical health.

Additionally, Guichon has argued that the wider healthcare system in Canada will benefit from water fluoridation. She says that fluoridation “reduces dental decay by approximately 25%”, which subsequently results in lower medical costs for both patients and the city [1].

What are the next steps?

The updates from the memo are rather disappointing. However, Calgary does remain on track to receive fluoridated water eventually!

The Calgary City Council will soon be awarding the construction contract to a company that will carry out the works. Then, work will begin, with the hope that in approximately 12 months, fluoridated water will be ready for Calgary.

Thinking points…

1) Whether you are in an area that has fluoridated water or not, remember that oral health is crucial! An important part of looking after your teeth is attending regular dental appointments. This provides a dentist with the opportunity to take a look at your oral health in detail and give advice. It is important to see a dentist at least once every six months. We recommend that you book an appointment soon!

2) If you are in an area that utilizes fluoridated water, remember that this doesn’t give you an excuse to neglect your oral health! You still need to clean your teeth regularly using fluoride toothpaste, have a healthy diet, and attend dental appointments! Some people are unaware of the benefits of fluoride, you could share this article with them now! If you have children, you could also use this news as a reminder of the importance of them looking after their oral health.

What we offer at Savanna Dental

Savanna Dental is a Calgary dental clinic that provide its patients with a wide range of dental treatment options and advice aimed at improving their oral health.

We advise our patients to attend our Calgary-based dental clinic twice a year for a regular dental check-up. When problems are detected, we have many treatments available. For instance, these include cavity fillings and root canals. To try and prevent problems, it is important to brush your teeth at least twice a day and floss regularly.

Here at Savanna Dental, we also have some cosmetic treatments available! These include dental implants, tooth whitening and Invisalign™! Many people find that these treatments have a positive impact on their appearance, confidence and self-esteem.

In addition, all of our services at our Calgary dental clinic Savanna Dental are in line with the Alberta Dental Fee Guide.

We would love you to visit our Savanna Dental clinic in Calgary! You can find out more about us by visiting our website https://savannadentalclinic.ca.

References

[1] Di Donato, N. (2023). City of Calgary’s plan to reintroduce fluoride into water system up in cost, delayed. Available: https://calgary.ctvnews.ca/city-of-calgary-s-plan-to-reintroduce-fluoride-into-water-system-up-in-cost-delayed-1.6486569. Last accessed: 11th August 2023.

[2] Harding, M. A., & O’Mullane, D. M. (2013). Water fluoridation and oral health. Acta Medica Academica. 42 (2): p131-139. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5644/ama2006-124.81.

[3] Elections Calgary. (2021). 2021 Results – Calgary General Election. Available: https://www.calgary.ca/election/results/2021-results.html. Last accessed: 11th August 2023.

New research has looked into Hydroxyapatite-based toothpaste, which could serve as an alternative to fluoride-based toothpaste. Fluoride toothpaste has been used for many decades, but due to various concerns, it is not universally popular. Therefore, having a new type of toothpaste is very appealing. Now, a research team has carried out a study to compare the two types of toothpaste.

If a dentist told you to use anything other than a fluoride-based toothpaste to brush your teeth – the chances are you would look at them in confusion. After all, fluoride is crucial for our teeth.

However, new research suggests that an alternative to fluoride toothpaste – which is based on a mineral called Hydroxyapatite – could in the future be recommended.

Recently, research into a hydroxyapatite-based toothpaste has been carried out, with promising results [1]. Therefore, it is possible that in the future hydroxyapatite toothpaste may become a common sight.

Background

For many decades, fluoride toothpaste has been praised and recommended by dentists. Fluoride is a natural mineral that has been credited with improving oral health in recent decades. Fluoride is capable of aiding the prevention of tooth decay and reducing enamel dissolution [2].

Such is its usefulness for our oral health, in many countries small quantities of fluoride is added to the public water supply – a process called water fluoridation. Moreover, fluoride is also the main ingredient in most mouthwash products.

However, fluoride does pose certain risks, especially for children. If too much fluoride is consumed, such as if toothpaste is swallowed regularly, then a condition called Fluorosis may develop. Fluorosis can result in white lines appearing on the teeth, or in more severe cases, visible stains appearing on the teeth [3]. Because of this, alternatives or improvements to fluoride are regularly looked into.

The Research

A team of scientists and Polish clinicians have recently completed research into hydroxyapatite toothpaste. They have published their findings in the Frontiers in Public Health journal [1].

Hydroxyapatite is a calcium phosphate mineral that is found in the skeleton. It is safe for human consumption and can contribute to remineralization of teeth – a crucial activity that protects against cavities [4].

The scientists sought to find out how hydroxyapatite would impact oral health. They created a study that involved 189 adults aged 18-45 [1]. Half of the participants used fluoridated toothpaste, while the other half used hydroxyapatite toothpaste. Moreover, the participants were unaware of which toothpaste they were using. The study lasted 18 months, with the researchers looking to see how the oral health of each group was impacted [1].

When entering the study, all participants had a minimum of 10 teeth without cavities, were willing to use an electric toothbrush, and did not have pre-existing oral health problems that required treatment. They were asked to brush their teeth twice per day at the same time each day – in order for both groups to be as similar as possible [1].

The researchers monitored the participants every six months through an examination and provided regular supplies of toothpaste. At each examination, the participants were screened for any cavities [1].

At the end of the 18 months, all participants received a comprehensive check-up to see how their teeth had responded. The researchers found that almost 90% of patients in both groups had no new cavities, which was positive to see [1].

Overall, the researchers found there was no statistical difference in the effectiveness of the two groups – meaning that the hydroxyapatite toothpaste was seen to be just as effective as fluoride toothpaste [1].

What this means

The results suggest that hydroxyapatite toothpaste could certainly be used in the future. For those that have concerns regarding fluoride, a hydroxyapatite toothpaste could offer an effective alternative.

The researchers were very pleased with these findings. Professor Elzbieta Paszynska was one of the authors and confirmed that “hydroxyapatite is a safe and effective alternative to fluoride in caries prevention for daily use” [5].

One particular element that the researchers were delighted with was that this research confirmed that hydroxyapatite had a positive effect on adults [5]. The authors pointed out that past research has suggested hydroxyapatite is effective for children – but this research has now confirmed its effectiveness for adults too [5].

These findings are very positive. In the future, it is likely that we will see more hydroxyapatite-based oral products – which will hopefully contribute to strong dental health for people all around the world.

Thinking points…

[1] The research above mentions about how the participants had their oral health checked every six months. Having an appointment every six months is highly recommended, as this is enough time for problems to develop. If problems do develop, if they are caught early, it can help to minimize potential damage. Therefore, if you are due an appointment, make sure that you remember to book a check-up soon!

[2] While this article discusses the benefits of hydroxyapatite toothpaste, it is important to remember that fluoride toothpaste is still crucial! This is especially the case with children, as fluoride can help strengthen their teeth, which can help with their long-term oral health. If you do have children, try to spend some time with them to educate them on the importance of brushing their teeth. Also, remember that it is very important for children to attend regular dental appointments!

What we offer at Savanna Dental

Savanna Dental is a Calgary dental clinic that provide its patients with a wide range of dental treatment options and advice aimed at improving their oral health.

It is very important to have excellent oral hygiene. This involves brushing your teeth at least twice a day, flossing regularly and eating healthily. Therefore, this should help your oral health.

We advise our patients to attend our Calgary dental clinic at least twice per year for a regular dental check-up. At these check-ups, we provide a comprehensive review of a patient’s oral health. If any problems are detected, we have many treatments available. For example, these include cavity fillings and root canals.

Here at Savanna Dental, we also have some cosmetic treatments available! These include dental implants, teeth whitening and Invisalign™! Many people find that these treatments have a positive impact on their appearance, confidence and self-esteem.

Moreover, all of our services at our Calgary dental clinic Savanna Dental are set in line with the Alberta Dental Fee Guide. This ensures transparent and fair pricing.

We hope to see you soon at our Savanna Dental clinic in Calgary! You can find out more about us by visiting our website https://savannadentalclinic.ca.

References

[1] Paszynska, E., Pawinska, M., Enax, J., Meyer, F., zur Wiesche, E. S., May, T. W., Amaechi, B. T., Limeback, H., Hernik, A., Otulakowska-Skrzynska, J., Krahel, A., Kaminska, I., Lapinska-Antonczuk, J., Stokowska, E., & Gawriolek, M. (2023). Caries-preventing effect of a hydroxyapatite-toothpaste in adults: a 18-month double-blinded randomized clinical trial. Frontiers in Public Health. 11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1199728.

[2] Newbrun, E. (2007). Systemic Benefits of Fluoride and Fluoridation. Journal of Public Health Dentistry. 64 (1): p35-39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-7325.2004.tb02775.x.

(3) NHS. (2022). Fluoride. Available: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/fluoride/. Last accessed: 23rd July 2023.

[4] Meyer, F., Enax, J., Amaechi, B. T., Limeback, H., Fabritius, H-O., Ganss, B., Pawinska, M., & Paszynska, E. (2022). Hydroxyapatite as Remineralization Agent for Children’s Dental Care. Frontiers in Dental Medicine. 3 (859560). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fdmed.2022.859560.

[5] Frontiers in Public Health. (2023). Toothpaste containing synthetic tooth minerals can prevent cavities as effectively as fluoride: Clinical trial. Available: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-07-toothpaste-synthetic-tooth-minerals-cavities.html. Last accessed: 23rd July 2023.

Autistic children can often find trips to the dentist very challenging due to the risk of sensory overload. However, recent research has found that when certain sensory adaptations are made by dental clinics, that autistic children can have a much more pleasant experience at the dentist. This can have a positive effect on the oral health of those with the condition.

Autism is a very challenging condition for both children and adults. Everyday tasks can be very challenging for children that have an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).

Among these tasks are trips to the dentist. Autistic children often struggle to attend dental check-ups, mainly due to the potential for sensory overload.

However, new research has found that when certain adaptations are made, autistic children can find visiting the dentist a positive experience, aiding their oral health [1].

What is Autism?

Autism is considered to be a developmental disability which affects approximately 1 in 59 children in the United States, according to the U.S. Department of Education [2].

The NHS suggest that autistic people “may act in a different way to other people” [3]. Symptoms include communication problems, difficulty in coping with unfamiliar situations and repetitive actions [3].

One of the defining features of autism is how those with the condition often find things like bright lights or loud noises overwhelming and uncomfortable [3].

These symptoms make it difficult for autistic children to go to the dentist. A dental clinic can be an unfamiliar location that also involves social situations. But above all, it can cause several sensory problems. For example, the dentist’s light, the sound of the dental drill and the possibility of loud noises can all cause concern.

As there are so many issues, it is unsurprising that autistic people typically have poorer oral health compared to the general public [4]. Therefore, trying to make a dental clinic a more comfortable place for autistic children is important.

Research

Recent research has looked into ways that autism can be managed better in a dental clinic. The research was carried out by a team from the University of Southern California, with their findings being published in the JAMA Network Open [1].

The research involved 162 children aged between 6 and 12 with a diagnosis of autism. They were split into two groups, both of which received dental cleaning. One group of 83 received care in a standard clinic environment, with the other 80 receiving care in an adapted environment [1].

The researchers spent time in planning which adaptations could be made. The adapted environment involved:

• Blackout curtains being hung over the windows

• The dentist wearing a surgical loupe with an attached lamp to avoid getting light in the eyes of the child

• A slow-motion visual effect being projected onto the ceiling – with the child being given the option between a “Finding Nemo” underwater scene or abstract colors

• A portable speaker that played calming nature sounds and quiet piano music

• A traditional lead X-ray bib being placed on the child’s chest

• The child being securely wrapped to the dental chair in a method that involved a hugging sensation from shoulder to ankle [1]

The researchers wanted to see if these adaptations would improve the dental clinic experience for the children. During the check-up, electrodes were placed on each child’s fingers, which measured electrodermal activity – which researchers could use to see how the children were reacting throughout the appointment [1].

Moreover, the researchers were also looking out for jerking or other movements, jaw-clamping, screaming, crying or biting the equipment or dentist – all signs that a child is in distress.

Interestingly, the researchers found that there were many similarities between the groups. For example, the quality of care and time needed to get the child seated were the same in both groups [1].

However, when it came to patient comfort, the adapted setting was much more effective. The two groups had very different results – with the adapted environment group having less discomfort, distress, movements, screaming and jaw-clamping [1]. They found the adapted environment to be calming. For those in the standard environment, there were many problems.

The results clearly showed that making adaptations for autistic children can be very effective. The children in the study were more at ease due to adaptations, which can provide a calmer experience.

Author comments

This study suggests that by offering an adapted environment approach to autistic children, that they will find visits to the dentist more beneficial. Treatments and regular check-ups can be more effective and useful.

The authors recommended that dental clinics adopt adapted environments for autistic children. Lead author Leah Stein Duker commented on the findings, saying that “the combination of curated visual, auditory and tactile adaptations—all of which are easily implemented, relatively inexpensive and don’t require training to safely use—led to statistically significant decreases in autistic children’s behavioral and physiological distress during dental cleanings” [5].

The researchers suggested that such changes can be low-cost, stating that implementation can be completed through “a one-time cost of less than $6000” [5]. In fact, the researchers pointed out that beanie hats, sunglasses and X-ray bibs are often free – making them simple additions to a dental clinic [5].

Overall, these changes can make a positive difference. Children with autism will often struggle with their oral health. However, by making these adaptations, it can improve their oral health substantially and result in long-term benefits.

Thinking points…

[1] If you have an autistic child, the chances are that you will know about the challenges involved in visiting the dentist. However, here at [clinic name], we offer support for all of our patients! Please do not be discouraged to book with us, as check-ups are important for the oral health of your children! You can read more about us at our website https://savanndentalclinic.ca!

[2] While it is important for you to look out for the oral health of your children, remember that your oral health is equally as important! Therefore, remember to attend check-ups at the dentist on a regular basis. Dental check-ups can help to identify any issues that need attention. We recommend booking an appointment now!

What we offer at Savanna Dental

Savanna Dental is a Calgary dental clinic that provide its patients with a wide range of dental treatment options and advice aimed at improving their oral health.

It is very important to have excellent oral hygiene. This involves brushing your teeth at least twice a day, flossing regularly and eating healthily. Therefore, this should help your oral health.

We advise our patients to attend our Calgary dental clinic at least twice per year for a regular dental check-up. At these check-ups, we provide a comprehensive review of a patient’s oral health. If any problems are detected, we have many treatments available. For example, these include cavity fillings and root canals.

Here at Savanna Dental, we also have some cosmetic treatments available! These include dental implants, teeth whitening and Invisalign™! Many people find that these treatments have a positive impact on their appearance, confidence and self-esteem.

Moreover, all of our services at our Calgary dental clinic Savanna Dental are set in line with the Alberta Dental Fee Guide. This ensures transparent and fair pricing.

We hope to see you soon at our Savanna Dental clinic in Calgary! You can find out more about us by visiting our website https://savannadentalclinic.ca.

References

[1] Duker, L. I. S., Como, D. H., Jolette, C., Vigen, C., Gong, C. L., Williams, M. E., Polido, J. C., Florindez-Cox, L. I., & Cermak, S. A. (2023). Sensory Adaptations to Improve Physiological and Behavioral Distress During Dental Visits in Autistic Children. JAMA Network Open. 6 (6): e2316346. DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.16346.

[2] Carmichael, R. (2021). Autism On the Rise: Coping in the Dental Office. Available: https://www.oralhealthgroup.com/features/autism-on-the-rise-coping-in-the-dental-office/. Last accessed: 10th June 2023.

[3] NHS. (2022). https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/autism/what-is-autism/. Last accessed: 10th June 2023.

[4] Nunes da Silva, S., Gimenez, T., Souza, R. C., Mello-Moura, A. C. V., Raggio, D. P., Morimoto, S., Lara, J. S., Soares, G. C., & Tedesco, T. K. (2016). Oral health status of children and young adults with autism spectrum disorders: systematic review and meta-analysis. 27 (5): p388-398. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ipd.12274.

[5] McNulty, M. (2023). Sensory adapted dental rooms significantly reduce autistic children’s physiological stress during teeth cleanings. Available: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-06-sensory-dental-rooms-significantly-autistic.html. Last accessed: 10th June 2023.